Gautama Dhamma

Visit Dhamma AI Tutor and register your account

tell me what is liberation?

02:00 PM

Liberation in the teachings of Gautama Buddha is the ultimate freedom from suffering and the cycle of rebirth known as saṃsāra. It is achieved through the complete eradication of ignorance and all forms of attachment and aversion. This process is described through three critical stages:

1. Disenchantment from the World (Nibbidā): This is the initial stage where one begins to understand the true nature of the world as impermanent (anicca), unsatisfactory (dukkha), and non-self (anattā). As one sees clearly the transient nature of the five aggregates—form, feeling, perception, mental formations, and consciousness—disenchantment arises, allowing one to step back from worldly entanglements.
2. Dispassion from Worldly Defilements (Virāga): With disenchantment, there follows a natural cooling down or fading away of attachment (rāga), aversion (dosa), and delusion (moha). The mind becomes purified, and dispassion deepens as one lets go of clinging to the world and its fleeting pleasures.
3. Liberation from the World (Vimutti): When the defilements are completely abandoned, liberation or vimutti is realized. This is not annihilation but the release of the citta (the luminous, knowing essence) from all realms of saṃsāra. It is the cessation of clinging and the full escape from rebirth into the world, culminating in the attainment of Nibbāna—the unconditioned, deathless realm beyond this universe.

In the Ādittapariyāya Sutta (SN 35.28), also known as the “Fire Sermon,” Gautama Buddha illustrates this process, concluding with the liberation of the minds of the thousand bhikkhus: “And while this discourse was being spoken, the minds (citta) of the thousand bhikkhus were liberated from the taints by nonclinging (from the five aggregates).”

Liberation is not an improvement within the world, but the complete ending of saṃsāra in all worlds. It is the purified citta’s transcendence from this universe, entering the Nibbāna-dhātu, a realm characterized by permanence and freedom from suffering.

若您想了解更多关于解脱或相关教义的详细信息，请随时告知我！

02:01 PM